Shanghai Medicilon Inc.

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion • Absorption ‐ Route of Drug Delivery – Where absorbed? • Distribution ‐ Where does the drug go, where does it need to go and what are the implications? • Metabolism Metabolism ‐ This will occur and could impact several several variables variables. – Could be used to your advantage ‐ Prodrugs. • Excretion – How is the drug eliminated? • Pharmacokinetics is concerned with the variation in drug concentration with time as a result of absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion – Drug dose, route of administration, administration, rate and extent of absorption, absorption, distribution distribution rate (particularly to site of action) and rate of elimination. – Pharmacokinetics may be simply defined as what the body does to the drug. – Pharmacodynamics defined as what the drug does to the body. in vivo ADME Services We conduct a range of studies in rats and mice (other species are possible), including: • Pharma...

Toxicokinetics  is essentially the study of “how a substance gets into the body and what happens to it in the body”. Four processes are involved in toxicokinetics. The study of the kinetics (movement) of chemicals was originally conducted with pharmaceuticals and thus the term pharmacokinetics became commonly used. In addition, toxicology studies were initially conducted with drugs. However, the science of toxicology has evolved to include environmental and occupational chemicals as well as drugs. Toxicokinetics is thus the appropriate term for the study of the kinetics of all toxic substances. Frequently the terms  toxicokinetics ,  pharmacokinetics , or disposition may be found in the literature to have the same meaning. Disposition is often used in place of toxicokinetics to describe the time-course of movement of chemicals through the body (that is, how does the body dispose of a xenobiotic?). The disposition of a toxicant along with its’ biological reactivi...